Until about 8,000 years ago, climatic conditions better favored human habitation than those today however, sedentary human habitation happened around this time in the mountainous areas with more moisture, and better soil for agriculture. The first humans in the state's territory were nomadic hunter-gatherers who left evidence of their existence in various caves starting about 20,000 years ago. Two figures from the Xochipala archeological site However, other sources of employment are scarce in the state, which has caused its ranking as number one in the emigration of workers to the United States. Tourism is the single most important economic factor of the state and Acapulco's tourism is important to the nation's economy as a whole. This coastline has been important economically for the area, first as the port of Acapulco in colonial and post-Independence era and today for the tourist destinations of Acapulco, Zihuatanejo and Ixtapa. Geographically, the state is mountainous and rugged with flat areas limited to small mesas and the Pacific coastline. The modern entity did not exist until 1849, when it was carved out of territories from the states of Mexico, Puebla, and Michoacán. It is the only Mexican state named after a president. The state was named after Vicente Guerrero, one of the most prominent leaders in the Mexican War of Independence and the second President of Mexico. It is also home to communities of Afro-Mexicans in the Costa Chica region. Today, it is home to a number of indigenous communities, including the Nahuas, Mixtecs, Tlapanecs, Amuzgos, and formerly Cuitlatecs. In addition to the capital city, the state's largest cities include Acapulco, Petatlán, Ciudad Altamirano, Taxco, Iguala, Ixtapa, Zihuatanejo, and Santo Domingo. It is bordered by the states of Michoacán to the north and west, the State of Mexico and Morelos to the north, Puebla to the northeast and Oaxaca to the east. It is divided in 81 municipalities and its capital city is Chilpancingo and its largest city is Acapulco.
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Guerrero ( Spanish pronunciation: ), officially the Free and Sovereign State of Guerrero ( Spanish: Estado Libre y Soberano de Guerrero), is one of the 32 states that comprise the 32 Federal Entities of Mexico.